7 Mathematics
The optional globular cluster is generated using a King (1962)
star density law
\begin{equation}
D(r)=k((1+(r/r_{c})^{2})^{-1/2}-(1+(r_{t}/r_{c})^{2})^{-1/2})^{2}
\end{equation}
where $D(r)$ is the star surface density a projected distance $r$ from the
centre of the cluster.
$k$, $r_{c}$ and $r_{t}$ are constants, $k$ being a scale factor and $r_{c}$
and $r_{t}$ the core and tidal radii respectively.
Moffat’s formula gives the intensity I(r) at a radial distance r from the
centre of the star image as
\begin{equation}
I(r)=I_{0}/(1+(\frac{r}{R})^{2})^{\beta}
\end{equation}
where $I_{0}$, R and $\beta$ are all constants.
The total luminosity, Lt, of such a profile is
\begin{equation}
Lt=\frac{\pi R^{2}I_{0}}{\beta -1}
\end{equation}
so
\begin{equation}
I(r)=\frac{Lt(\beta -1)}{\pi^{2}R^{2}}/(1+(\frac{r}{R})^{2})^{\beta}
\end{equation}
If the intensity threshold beyond which the profile is truncated is $I_{th}$,
then the corresponding radius $r_{th}$ is
\begin{equation}
r_{th}=((\frac{Lt(\beta -1)}{I_{th}\pi R^{2}})^{1/\beta}-1)^{1/2}R
\end{equation}
from this, the fraction of the total light emitted beyond this boundary, f, may
be calculated
\begin{equation}
f=(1+(\frac{r_{th}}{R})^{2})^{1-\beta}
\end{equation}
\begin{displaymath}
B=\frac {\pi( (X-(\frac{IXEXT}{2}-1))^{2} +
(Y-\frac{IYEXT}{2})^{2} )^{\frac{1}{2}}} {A}
\end{displaymath}
The optional globular cluster is generated using a King (1962) star density law
| (1) |
where is the star surface
density a projected distance
from the centre of the cluster. ,
and
are constants,
being a scale
factor and
and the
core and tidal radii respectively.
Moffat’s formula gives the intensity I(r) at a radial distance r from the centre of the star image as
| (2) |
where ,
R and
are all constants. The total luminosity, Lt, of such a profile is
so
| (4) |
If the intensity threshold beyond which the profile is truncated is
, then the
corresponding radius
is
| (5) |
from this, the fraction of the total light emitted beyond this boundary, f, may be calculated
| (6) |
An AR model is of the form
\begin{equation}
X_{i}=\sum_{j=1}^{M} A_{j}X_{i-j}+E_{i}
\end{equation}
for equally spaced observations $X_{i}$ and for a set of constants $A_{j}$.
$E_{i}$ is the error in using this model.
The method involves choosing the $A_{j}$ to minimize the $E_{i}$.
The Q, U and E frames can now be calculated as follows:
\[Q_{ij}=\frac{A_{ij}-B_{ij}}{A_{ij}+B_{ij}}\]
\[U_{ij}=\frac{C_{ij}-D_{ij}}{C_{ij}+D_{ij}}\]
\[E_{ij}=\frac{2}{A_{ij}+B_{ij}+C_{ij}+D_{ij}}\]
The total polarization frame, P, and polarization angle frame, T, are generated
from Q, U and (if required) E as follows:
\[P_{ij}=\sqrt{{Q_{ij}}^{2}+{U_{ij}}^{2}}-E_{ij}\]
\[T_{ij}=0.5\arctan \frac{U_{ij}}{Q_{ij}}\]
The values of Tij are restricted to the range 0 to +$\pi$ radians.
Every pixel (X,Y) in the image frame is multiplied by SIN(B)/B where
\begin{displaymath}
B=\frac {\pi( (X-(\frac{IXEXT}{2}-1))^{2} +
(Y-\frac{IYEXT}{2})^{2} )^{\frac{1}{2}}} {A}
\end{displaymath}
An AR model is of the form
| (7) |
for equally spaced observations
and for a set of constants .
is the error in using this model. The method involves choosing the
to minimize
the .
The Q, U and E frames can now be calculated as follows:
The total polarization frame, P, and polarization angle frame, T, are generated from Q, U and (if
required) E as follows:
The values of Tij are restricted to the range 0 to
+
radians.
Every pixel (X,Y) in the image frame is multiplied by SIN(B)/B where
Copyright © 1997 Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research C ouncils