A Classified KAPPA commands

 A.1 DATA IMPORT & EXPORT
 A.2 DATA DISPLAY
 A.3 DATA MANIPULATION
 A.4 DATA ANALYSIS
 A.5 SCRIPTING TOOLS
 A.6 INQUIRIES & STATUS
 A.7 MISCELLANEOUS

Kappa applications may be classified in terms of their functions as follows.

A.1 DATA IMPORT & EXPORT

A.1.1 Image generation and input
CREFRAME Generates a test two-dimensional NDF from a selection of several types.
FITSDIN Reads a FITS  disc file composed of simple, group or table objects.
FITSHEAD Lists the headers of FITS files.
FITSIMP Imports FITS information into an NDF extension.
FITSIN Reads a FITS tape composed of simple, group or table files.
MATHS Evaluates mathematical expressions applied to NDF data structures.
TRANDAT Converts free-format data into an NDF.
A.1.2 Preparation for output
FITSEDIT Edits the FITS extension of an NDF.
FITSEXP Exports NDF-extension information into an NDF FITS extension.
FITSMOD Edits an NDF FITS extension via a text file or parameters.
FITSTEXT Creates an NDF FITS extension from a text file.
FITSWRITE Writes a new keyword to the FITS extension.

A.2 DATA DISPLAY

A.2.1 Detail enhancement
CARPET Creates a cube representing a carpet plot of an image.
COLCOMP Produces a colour composite image from 1, 2 or 3 individual NDFs.
HISTEQ Performs an histogram equalisation on an NDF.
LAPLACE Performs a Laplacian convolution as an edge detector in a two-dimensional NDF.
SHADOW Enhances edges in a two-dimensional NDF using a shadow effect.
THRESH Edits an NDF such that array values below and above two thresholds take constant values.
A.2.2 Device selection
GDNAMES Shows which graphics devices are available.
GDSET Selects a current graphics device.
A.2.3 Display control
CURSOR Reports the co-ordinates of points selected using the cursor.
GDCLEAR Clears a graphics device and purges its database entries.
GDSTATE Shows the current status of a graphics device.
A.2.4 Graphics Database
PICBASE Selects the BASE picture from the graphics database.
PICCUR Uses a cursor to select the current picture.
PICDATA Selects the last DATA picture from the graphics database.
PICDEF Defines a new graphics-database FRAME picture or an array of FRAME pictures.
PICEMPTY Finds the first empty FRAME picture in the graphics database.
PICENTIRE Finds the first unobscured and unobscuring FRAME picture in the graphics database.
PICFRAME Selects the last FRAME picture from the graphics database.
PICGRID Creates an array of FRAME pictures.
PICIN Finds the attributes of a picture interior to the current picture.
PICLABEL Labels the current graphics-database picture.
PICLAST Selects the last picture from the graphics database.
PICLIST Lists the pictures in the graphics database for a device.
PICSEL Selects a graphics-database picture by its label.
PICTRANS Transforms co-ordinates between the current and BASE pictures.
PICVIS Finds the first unobscured FRAME picture in the graphics database.
PICXY Creates a new picture defined by co-ordinate bounds.
A.2.5 Lookup/Colour tables
LUTABLE Manipulates an graphics device colour table.
LUTBGYRW Loads the BGYRW lookup table.
LUTCOL Loads the standard colour lookup table.
LUTCOLD Loads the cold lookup table.
LUTCONT Loads a lookup table to give the display the appearance of a contour plot.
LUTEDIT Creates or edits an graphics device colour table.
LUTFC Loads the standard false-colour lookup table.
LUTGREY Loads the standard grey-scale lookup table.
LUTHEAT Loads the heat lookup table.
LUTIKON Loads the default Ikon lookup table.
LUTNEG Loads the standard negative grey-scale lookup table.
LUTRAMPS Loads the coloured-ramps lookup table.
LUTREAD Loads an graphics device lookup table from an NDF.
LUTSAVE Saves the current colour table of an graphics device in an NDF.
LUTSPEC Loads a spectrum-like lookup table.
LUTVIEW Draws a colour-table key.
LUTWARM Loads the warm lookup table.
LUTZEBRA Loads a pseudo-contour lookup table.
A.2.6 Output
ARDPLOT Plots the boundaries of regions described in an ARD file  over an existing picture.
CLINPLOT Draws a spatial grid of line plots for an axis of a cube NDF.
CONTOUR Contours a two-dimensional NDF.
DISPLAY Displays a one- or two-dimensional NDF.
DRAWNORTH Draws arrows parallel to the axes.
DRAWSIG Draws ±n standard-deviation lines on a line plot.
ELPROF Creates a radial or azimuthal profile of a two-dimensional image.
LINPLOT Draws a line plot of the data values in a one-dimensional NDF.
LISTSHOW Displays the positions stored in a positions list.
LOOK Outputs the values of specified NDF pixels to the screen or a text file.
MLINPLOT Draws a multi-line plot of the data values in a two-dimensional NDF.
OUTLINE Draws the outline of a two-dimensional NDF.
SCATTER Displays a scatter plot between data in two NDFs.
VECPLOT Plots a two-dimensional vector map.
A.2.7 Palette
PALDEF Loads the default palette  to a colour table.
PALENTRY Enters a colour into an graphics device’s palette.
PALREAD Fills the palette of a colour table from an NDF.
PALSAVE Saves the current palette of a colour table to an NDF.

A.3 DATA MANIPULATION

A.3.1 Arithmetic
ADD Adds two NDF data structures.
CADD Adds a scalar to an NDF data structure.
CDIV Divides an NDF by a scalar.
CMULT Multiplies an NDF by a scalar.
CSUB Subtracts a scalar from an NDF data structure.
CUMULVEC Sums the values cumulatively in a one-dimensional NDF.
DIV Divides one NDF data structure by another.
EXP10 Takes the base-10 exponential of each pixel of an NDF.
EXPE Takes the exponential of each pixel of an NDF (base e).
EXPON Takes the exponential (specified base) of each pixel of am NDF.
LOG10 Takes the base-10 logarithm of each pixel of an NDF.
LOGAR Takes the logarithm of each pixel of an NDF (specified base).
LOGE Takes the natural logarithm of each pixel of an NDF.
MAKESNR Creates a signal-to-noise array from an NDF with Variance.
MATHS Evaluates mathematical expressions applied to NDF data structures.
MULT Multiplies two NDF data structures.
POW Takes the specified power of each pixel of a data array.
SUB Subtracts one NDF data structure from another.
TRIG Performs a trigonometric transformation on an NDF.
A.3.2 Combination
CALPOL Calculates polarisation parameters.
COLCOMP Produces a colour composite image from 1, 2 or 3 individual NDFs.
COMPLEX Converts between representations of complex data.
INTERLEAVE Forms a higher-resolution NDF by interleaving a set of NDFs.
KSTEST Compares data sets using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.
NORMALIZE Normalises one NDF to a similar NDF by calculating a scale factor and zero difference.
WCSMOSAIC Tiles a group of NDFs using World Co-ordinate System information.
A.3.3 Compression and expansion
CARPET Creates a cube representing a carpet plot of an image.
CHANMAP Creates a channel map from a cube NDF by compressing slices along a nominated axis
COLLAPSE Reduces the number of axes in an NDF by collapsing it along a nominated axis.
COMPADD Reduces the size of an NDF by adding values in rectangular boxes.
COMPAVE Reduces the size of an NDF by averaging values in rectangular boxes.
COMPICK Reduces the size of an NDF by picking equally spaced pixels.
INTERLEAVE Forms a higher-resolution NDF by interleaving a set of NDFs.
NDFCOMPRESS Compresses an NDF so that it occupies less disk space.
PIXDUPE Expands an NDF by pixel duplication.
PLUCK Plucks slices from an NDF at arbitrary positions.
REGRID Uses an arbitrary mapping to regrid an NDF.
SQORST Squashes or stretches an NDF.
WCSALIGN Aligns a group of NDFs using WCS  information.
A.3.4 Configuration change
CHAIN Concatenates a series of vectorized NDFs.
FLIP Reverses an NDF’s pixels along a specified dimension.
MANIC Converts all or part of an NDF from one dimensionality to another.
NDFCOPY Copies an NDF (or NDF section) to a new location.
PERMAXES Permutes the axes of an NDF.
PIXBIN Places each pixel value in an input NDF into an output bin.
PLUCK Plucks slices from an NDF at arbitrary positions.
PROFILE Creates a one-dimensional profile through an n-dimensional NDF.
REGRID Uses an arbitrary mapping to regrid an NDF.
RESHAPE Reshapes an NDF, treating its arrays as vectors.
ROTATE Rotates a two-dimensional NDF about its centre through any angle.
SETBOUND Sets new bounds for an NDF.
SLIDE Shifts pixels in an NDF by a given amount along each axis.
WCSSLIDE Applies a translational correction to the WCS in an NDF.
A.3.5 Filtering
BLOCK Smooths an NDF using an n-dimensional rectangular box filter.
CONVOLVE Convolves a pair of one- or two-dimensional NDFs together.
FFCLEAN Removes defects from a substantially flat one- or two-dimensional NDF.
FOURIER Performs forward and inverse Fourier transforms of one- or two-dimensional NDFs.
GAUSMOOTH Smooths a one- or two-dimensional image using a Gaussian filter.
LUCY Performs a Richardson-Lucy deconvolution of a one- or two-dimensional array.
MEDIAN Smooths a two-dimensional data array using a weighted median filter.
MEM2D Performs a Maximum-Entropy deconvolution of a two-dimensional NDF.
ODDEVEN Removes odd-even defects from a one-dimensional NDF.
WIENER Applies a Wiener filter to a one- or two-dimensional array.
A.3.6 HDS components
ERASE Erases an HDS object.
NATIVE Converts an HDS object to native machine data representation.
A.3.7 NDF array components
NDFCOMPRESS Compresses an NDF so that it occupies less disk space.
NDFCOPY Copies an NDF (or NDF section) to a new location.
PERMAXES Permutes the axes of an NDF.
QUALTOBAD Assigns bad values  to pixels with given qualities.
REMQUAL Removes named qualities  stored in an NDF QUALITY component.
SETBAD Sets new bad-pixel flag  values for an NDF.
SETBB Sets a new value for the quality bad-bits mask  of an NDF.
SETBOUND Sets new bounds for an NDF.
SETORIGIN Sets a new pixel origin  for an NDF.
SETQUAL Assigns a specified quality to selected pixels within an NDF.
SETTYPE Sets a new numeric type for the DATA and VARIANCE components of an NDF.
SETVAR Sets new values for the VARIANCE component  of an NDF data structure.
SHOWQUAL Displays the named qualities stored in an NDF QUALITY component.
A.3.8 NDF axis components
AXCONV Expands spaced axes in an NDF into the primitive form.
AXLABEL Sets a new label value for an axis within an NDF data structure.
AXUNITS Sets a new units value for an axis within an NDF data structure.
PERMAXES Permutes the axes of an NDF.
SETAXIS Sets values for an axis array component within an NDF data structure.
SETNORM Sets a new value for one or all of an NDF’s axis-normalisation flags.
A.3.9 NDF character components
SETLABEL Sets a new label  for an NDF data structure.
SETTITLE Sets a new title  for an NDF data structure.
SETUNITS Sets a new units  value for an NDF data structure.
A.3.10 NDF extensions
FITSEDIT Edits the FITS extension  of an NDF.
FITSEXIST Inquires whether or not a keyword exists in a FITS extension.
FITSEXP Exports NDF-extension information into an NDF FITS extension.
FITSLIST Lists the FITS extension of an NDF.
FITSMOD Edits an NDF FITS extension via a text file or parameters.
FITSTEXT Creates an NDF FITS extension from a text file.
FITSVAL Reports the value of a keyword in the FITS extension.
FITSWRITE Writes a new keyword to the FITS extension.
SETEXT Manipulates the contents of a specified NDF extension.
SETSKY Stores WCS  Information in an NDF.
A.3.11 NDF History
HISCOM Adds commentary to the history of an NDF.
HISLIST Lists NDF history records.
HISSET Sets the NDF history update mode.
A.3.12 NDF Provenance
PROVADD Stores provenance information in an NDF.
PROVMOD Modifies provenance information for an NDF.
PROVREM Removes selected provenance information from an NDF.
PROVSHOW Displays provenance information for an NDF.
A.3.13 NDF World Co-ordinate Systems
PERMAXES Permutes the axes of an NDF.
WCSADD Creates a Mapping and optionally adds a new co-ordinate Frame  into the WCS component of an NDF.
WCSALIGN Aligns a group of NDFs using WCS information.
WCSATTRIB Manages attribute values associated with the WCS component  of an NDF.
WCSCOPY Copies WCS information from one NDF to another.
WCSFRAME Changes the current co-ordinate Frame in the WCS component of an NDF.
WCSMOSAIC Tiles a group of NDFs using World Co-ordinate System information.
WCSREMOVE Removes co-ordinate Frames from the WCS component of an NDF.
WCSSHOW Examines the internal structure of a WCS description.
WCSSLIDE Applies a translational correction to the WCS in an NDF.
WCSTRAN Transforms a position from one NDF co-ordinate Frame to another.
A.3.14 Pixel editing and masking
ARDGEN Creates a text file describing selected regions of an image.
ARDMASK Uses an ARD file  to set some pixels of an NDF to be bad.
ARDPLOT Plots the boundaries of regions described in an ARD file over an existing picture.
CHPIX Replaces the values of selected pixels in an NDF.
COPYBAD Copies the bad-pixel  mask from one NDF to another.
ERRCLIP Removes pixels with large errors from an NDF.
EXCLUDEBAD Copies a two-dimensional NDF excluding any bad rows or columns.
FFCLEAN Removes defects from a substantially flat one- or two-dimensional NDF.
FILLBAD Removes regions of bad values from an NDF.
GLITCH Replaces bad pixels in a two-dimensional image with the local median.
MFITTREND Fits independent trends to data lines that are parallel to an axis.
MOCGEN Creates a Multi-Order Coverage (MOC) map describing regions of an image.
NOMAGIC Replaces all occurrences of magic-value  pixels in an NDF array with a new value.
OUTSET Sets pixels outside a specified circle in a two-dimensional NDF to a specified value.
PASTE Pastes a series of NDFs upon each other.
REGIONMASK Applies a mask to a region of an NDF.
RIFT Adds a scalar to a section of an NDF data structure to correct rift-valley defects.
SEGMENT Copies polygonal segments from one NDF to another.
SETMAGIC Replaces all occurrences of a given value in an NDF array with the bad value.
SUBSTITUTE Replaces all occurrences of a given value in an NDF array with another value.
THRESH Edits an NDF such that array values below and above two thresholds take
ZAPLIN Replaces regions in a two-dimensional NDF by bad values or by linear interpolation.
A.3.15 Polarimetry
CALPOL Calculates polarisation parameters.
A.3.16 Resampling and transformations
ALIGN2D Aligns a pair of two-dimensional NDFs by minimising the residuals between them.
PIXBIN Places each pixel value in an input NDF into an output bin.
PLUCK Plucks slices from an NDF at arbitrary positions.
REGRID Uses an arbitrary mapping to regrid an NDF.
WCSALIGN Aligns a group of NDFs using WCS  information.
WCSMOSAIC Tiles a group of NDFs using World Co-ordinate System information.
A.3.17 Surface and vector fitting
FITSURFACE Fits a polynomial surface to two-dimensional data array.
MAKESURFACE Creates a two-dimensional NDF from the coefficients of a polynomial surface.
MFITTREND Fits independent trends to data lines that are parallel to an axis.
SURFIT Fits a polynomial or spline surface to a two-dimensional data array using blocking.

A.4 DATA ANALYSIS

A.4.1 Statistics
APERADD Derives statistics of pixels within a specified aperture of an NDF.
HISTAT Computes ordered statistics for an NDF’s pixels using an histogram.
HISTOGRAM Computes an histogram of an NDF’s values.
MSTATS Does cumulative statistics over a sequence of NDFs.
NUMB Counts the number of elements of an NDF with values or absolute values above or below a threshold.
STATS Computes simple statistics for an NDF’s pixels.
A.4.2 Other
BEAMFIT Fits beam features in a two-dimensional NDF.
CENTROID Finds the centroids of star-like features in an NDF.
NORMALIZE Normalises one NDF to a similar NDF by calculating a scale factor and zero-point difference.
PSF Determines the parameters of a model star profile by fitting star images in a two-dimensional NDF.
SURFIT Fits a polynomial or spline surface to a two-dimensional data array.

A.5 SCRIPTING TOOLS

CALC Evaluates a mathematical expression.
CONFIGECHO Displays a named parameter from a group of configuration parameters.
NDFECHO Expands a group expression into a list of explicit NDF names.
PARGET Obtains the value or values of an application parameter.

A.6 INQUIRIES & STATUS

GLOBALS Displays the values of the Kappa global parameters.
FITSEXIST Inquires whether or not a keyword exists in a FITS extension.
FITSLIST Lists the FITS extension  of an NDF.
FITSVAL Reports the value of a keyword in the FITS extension.
NDFCOMPARE Compares a pair of NDFs for equivalence.
NDFTRACE Displays the attributes of an NDF data structure.
NOGLOBALS Resets the Kappa global parameters.

A.7 MISCELLANEOUS

COMPLEX Converts between representations of complex data.
KAPHELP Gives help about Kappa.
LISTMAKE Creates a catalogue holding a positions list.
KAPVERSION Checks the version number of the installed package.